Technical Content

Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) surveys rely on three-component (3C) geophones to acquire high-resolution data at target reservoirs. These 3C geophones are comprised of three independent receivers, mounted orthogonally. When inside the borehole, the orientation of each 3C geophone is unknown. To enhance image stacking ...

Analyzing seismic amplitude trends requires stability of the seismic wavelet in both amplitude and phase. Unfortunately, in land acquisition, the filter applied as energy travels through the near-surface can have a dramatic impact on both. Here, we will extend previous work on proposing detailed ...

The presence of orthorhombic anisotropy poses serious challenges in multi azimuth (MAZ) or wide azimuth (WAZ) data imaging. Orthorhombic anisotropy makes seismic velocity vary with azimuthal direction as well as polar direction. The polar direction dependency can cause well misties and higher order moveout ...

Various far-offset marine acquisition geometries have been widely deemed as promising for alleviating imaging difficulties in deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GOM). However, incorporating very far offsets into subsalt imaging remains challenging. In this case study in the GOM, we explore the benefits of far ...

Variation of sound wave velocity in water (water velocity) and node positioning errors can cause strong 4D noise in ocean bottom node (OBN) time lapse processing if they are not addressed correctly. Here we proposed a method to jointly invert the water velocity and ...

A workflow of azimuthal inversion is presented and successfully applied on a wide-azimuth seismic data. This workflow is based on a novel approach to quantitatively extract anisotropy information in a horizontal transverse isotropic (HTI-) medium. The method was first described by Mesdag (2016) and ...

Relatively large spectral differences exist between streamer and ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) data, mostly due to their different ghost effects – streamer data have both shot- and receiver-side ghost, while OBS data only have shot-side ghost. In a recent OBS-streamer 4D study in deepwater ...

A method is described to allow quantitative usage of isotropic modeling and inversion in anisotropic media. Based on the Rüger reflectivity equations for HTI media transforms are designed for the elastic parameters used in pre-stack inversion. The transformed elastic parameters can be used in ...

A robust surface wave inversion has been developed to invert near surface S wave velocity for depth model building and shear statics correction. The algorithm utilizes mainly two most effective inversion engines: the non-linear least square Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) inversion and the differential evolution (DE) ...